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Roses et jasmin dans un vase de Delft
1880-188,Roses and Jasmine in a Delft Vase'' Oil on canvas, 81.5 x 65 cm,
The Hermitage, St. Petersburg; No. 3KP 524. Formerly collection Otto Krebs,
Holzdorf
Born
in Limoges. Renoir went to work at the age of 13 in Paris as a decorator of
factory-made porcelain, copying the works of Boucher. In 1862 he entered M. C.
Gleyre's studio, where he formed lasting friendships with Bazille, Monet and
Sisley. His early work reflected myriad influences including those of Courbet,
Manet, Corot, Ingres and Delacroix. He began to earn his living with portraiture
in the 1870s; an important work of this period was Madame Charpentier and her
Children (1876; Metropolitan Mus.). Simultaneously he developed the ability
to paint joyous, shimmering color and flickering light in outdoor scenes such as
The Swing and the festive Moulin de la Galette (both: 1876;
Louvre). Renoir traveled in Algeria and in Italy (1881–82), returning to Paris
where a successful exhibition (1883) established him financially. He had gone
beyond impressionism. His ecstatic sensuality, particularly in his opulent,
generalized images of women, and his admiration of the Italian masters removed
him from the primary impressionist concern: to imitate the effects of natural
light. After a brief period, often termed “harsh” or “tight,” in which
his forms were closely defined in outline (e.g., The Bathers, 1884–87;
private coll.), his style of the 1890s changed, diffusing both light and
outline, and with dazzling, opalescent colors describing voluptuous nudes,
radiant children, and lush summer landscapes. From 1903, Renoir fought the
encroaching paralysis of arthritis at the same time that his work attained its
greatest sensual power and monumentality. Despite illness and personal tragedy
he began to produce major works of sculpture (e.g., Victorious Venus,
Renoir Mus., Cagnes-sur-Mer). Among his most celebrated paintings are: Luncheon
of the Boating Party (1881; Phillips Coll., Washington, D.C.); Dance at
Bougival (1883; Mus. of Fine Arts, Boston); Lady Sewing (Art Inst.,
Chicago); and Bather (1917–18; Philadelphia Mus. of Art). Renoir's work
is represented in most of the important galleries in the world. The Art
Institute of Chicago; the Barnes Collection, Merion, Pa.; Clark Institute,
Williamstown, Mass.; and the Louvre have large collections. His son, the film
director Jean Renoir, wrote a biography (tr. 1962). |